Starter for Forklifts

Starters for Forklifts - Today's starter motor is typically a permanent-magnet composition or a series-parallel wound direct current electrical motor with a starter solenoid mounted on it. When current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, mainly through a key-operated switch, the solenoid engages a lever that pushes out the drive pinion which is located on the driveshaft and meshes the pinion with the starter ring gear which is found on the engine flywheel.

As soon as the starter motor starts to turn, the solenoid closes the high-current contacts. When the engine has started, the solenoid consists of a key operated switch which opens the spring assembly in order to pull the pinion gear away from the ring gear. This particular action causes the starter motor to stop. The starter's pinion is clutched to its driveshaft by an overrunning clutch. This permits the pinion to transmit drive in only one direction. Drive is transmitted in this method via the pinion to the flywheel ring gear. The pinion remains engaged, for instance in view of the fact that the driver fails to release the key as soon as the engine starts or if there is a short and the solenoid remains engaged. This causes the pinion to spin independently of its driveshaft.

The actions mentioned above would stop the engine from driving the starter. This important step stops the starter from spinning really fast that it can fly apart. Unless modifications were done, the sprag clutch arrangement would stop utilizing the starter as a generator if it was used in the hybrid scheme discussed earlier. Normally a standard starter motor is meant for intermittent use which would preclude it being used as a generator.

The electrical components are made to be able to work for roughly 30 seconds to be able to prevent overheating. Overheating is caused by a slow dissipation of heat is due to ohmic losses. The electrical components are meant to save weight and cost. This is the reason most owner's instruction manuals meant for vehicles recommend the driver to stop for at least 10 seconds right after every ten or fifteen seconds of cranking the engine, when trying to start an engine that does not turn over instantly.

In the early 1960s, this overrunning-clutch pinion arrangement was phased onto the market. Previous to that time, a Bendix drive was used. The Bendix system functions by placing the starter drive pinion on a helically cut driveshaft. When the starter motor begins turning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly enables it to ride forward on the helix, hence engaging with the ring gear. Once the engine starts, the backdrive caused from the ring gear allows the pinion to go beyond the rotating speed of the starter. At this instant, the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and therefore out of mesh with the ring gear.

The development of Bendix drive was developed in the 1930's with the overrunning-clutch design called the Bendix Folo-Thru drive, made and launched during the 1960s. The Folo-Thru drive has a latching mechanism together with a set of flyweights in the body of the drive unit. This was an improvement as the average Bendix drive used so as to disengage from the ring once the engine fired, even though it did not stay functioning.

The drive unit if force forward by inertia on the helical shaft when the starter motor is engaged and starts turning. After that the starter motor becomes latched into the engaged position. As soon as the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than what is attained by the starter motor itself, for example it is backdriven by the running engine, and next the flyweights pull outward in a radial manner. This releases the latch and permits the overdriven drive unit to become spun out of engagement, therefore unwanted starter disengagement could be prevented previous to a successful engine start.

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